The war poets are those whose works
were strongly influenced by World War I, known in Britain as the Great
War. In turn, their writings influenced
how Britons thought and felt about war and even how the country planned for
future war.
The war poets include Siegfried Sassoon, Wilfred Owen, Rupert Brooke, Ivor
Gurney, Edward Thomas, Isaac Rosenberg, May Wedderburn Cannan, Robert Graves, David
Jones, and others. Thomas Hardy and A. E.
Housman were contemporaries. However,
they are not classified among the war poets, though each devoted one or more
poems to war. Hardy, for example, wrote Channel
Firing and In Time of ‘The Breaking
of Nations.’(Greenblatt, 1877 and 1884) One of Housman’s contributions was Epitaph on an Army of Mercenaries.
(Greenblatt, 1953) The writings, even
the lives, of the war poets were dominated by the unspeakable horrors of war.
Peter Hart, a British military historian, who compiled a
history of the signature battle of that war, the battle of the Somme, wrote
somewhat dismissively of the war poets when he penned—
The
sheer horror of the Somme [a battle that lasted from July 1 to mid-November,
1916] has for a long time been part of British twentieth century mythology. The overall context of the Great War has long
been forgotten and the teaching of the subject reduced to an adjunct of English
literature that can be brutally summarized in just five words: ‘the pity of it
all.’ Politicians are portrayed as
Machiavellian, but simultaneously weak, generals are stupid, soldiers are brave
helpless victims and war poets—war poets are the later-day saints made flesh.
(Hart, 528)
If Hart’s observation is accurate,
one would expect to find correlation to it in the war poets’ poems
themselves. And, indeed, one does. Wilfred Owen, for example, takes aim at
those, principally politicians, who mouthed platitudes about
it being such a “wonderful and great honor to fight and die for your country”
in his memorable poem Dulce et Decorum
Est. (Owen)